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Article:
'Pheromones and the Mentrual Cycle'

By: Sai Vallejos

"..... The research settles a 40-year debate about whether humans produce and can respond to &..........pheromones, phermones....."

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The research settles a 40-year debate about whether humans do and can respond to 'pheromon..........pheromones, phermones....."
Scientists have found long-sought proof that people excrete potent chemical signals that can have profound effects on other people. Pheromones have been documented in myriad species, ranging from insects to elephants, as sex attractants, kinship identifiers or alarm signals.

In numerous species they are detected by a specialized organ inside the nose or mouth called the vomeronasal organ, or VNO. There was ample criterion that public pheromones exist; babies show a clear preference for pieces of clothing that have been worn by their own mothers, for example, and research suggests that men and women choose their mates in part by sniffing out partners with compatible immune systems.

The research settles a 40-year debate about whether humans do and can respond to 'pheromones,' molecules that are usually airborne and odorless and which, in other species, pressure such physiological processes and behaviors as mate choice, the recognition of one's own family members, and the ability to 'smell' the difference among buddyADJ Friendship and foe.

The studies produced by a lady, McClintock, proved the existence of Pheromones in national beings. Specially, her researches showed that the pheromones released by women's under arms can alter the timings of women's reproductive cycles. This explains why women who live together perpetually develop coeval menstrual periods and could spur development of natural fertility drugs or contraceptives.

'The facts has now become quite incisive that humans operate and detect pheromones,' uniformly Edward W. Johnson of Idaho State University in Pocatello.

The discovery was especially gratifying to Martha K. McClintock, the University of Chicago researcher who, with colleague Kathleen Stern, describes the work in one of the issues of the journal Nature. As an undergraduate almost 30 years ago, McClintock observed that in women in her dormitory menstruated in synchrony. For decades McClintock immersed herself in the charge of identifying the timing mechanism. She and others suspected pheromones, but proof was stubborn to come by.

Sweat is a common source of pheromones in mammals. To find out if civic pheromones exist and can affect menstrual timing, McClintock and Stern asked nine women to wear gauze pads under their armpits all day. The pads, varied daily, were cut into pieces and frozen, and a daily tally was kept of each woman's menstrual phase.

Then, every day for months, the researchers rubbed thawed gauze pads which contain sweat pheromones, above the upper lips of 20 volunteer women who had contractual to have any of 30 nonconformist 'natural essences' rubbed under their noses. For two months, 10 women sniffed sweat from women in the person phase of their menstrual cycle, in the course of the other 10 sniffed sweat from women in a later phase of their cycle. Then the groups switched and spent two months getting the opposite scent.

The women smelled nothing, but the results were striking: Those exposed to 'early phase' sweat saw their own cycles shortened by an reduce to a mean of 1.7 days per month, and as much as 14 days a month. Those who sniffed 'later phase' sweat saw their cycles lengthened by an reduce to a mean of 1.4 days a month, and up to 12 days a month. This is now called as MaClintock's consummate of Pheromones.

Computer models indicated there must be two substances in the sweat one that lengthens cycles and one that shortens them and that together they can quickly lead to groups of women having coeval periods.

If pheromones have a big do on individual physiology, people may want to rethink their heavy use of soaps and perfumes: It may be, Buck speculated, that the constant washing away or cover up of these sweaty social signals account for some of the loneliness or depression in modern society.

"..... Those who sniffed 'later phase' sweat saw their cycles lengthened by an split the difference of 1....."

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Article Source: http://www.unique-ezine-articles.com

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